Latin nouns 1

Cases
There are 6 cases in Latin: nominative, vocative, accusative, genetive, dative and ablative.  Ablative denotes means, i.e. by, with, from, who what.

Gender and declensions
There are 3 genders in Latin: masculine, feminine and neuter.  They are rather randomly scattered among 5 declensions.  The infections are rather variable in each declension, but the genitive singular is unique for every declension.  Here is a simple summary of the declensions, their genders and nominative singular inflections.  There is a more detailed table below.

1st: -a, generally F
2nd: -us/er/r M, -um N
3rd: a variety of endings, M/N/F
4th: -us generally M, -ū N
5th: -ēs, mostly F

Or by gender:
F nouns can be 1st, 3rd, 5th (rarely 4th)
M nouns can be 2nd, 3rd, 4th (rarely 1st, 5th)
N nouns can be 2nd, 3rd, 4th

Or by nom S ending:
-a: 1st F (or 3rd)
-ū: 4th N
-other vowel: 3rd
-us: 2nd or 4th generally M (or 3rd)
-ēs: 5th generally F
-um: 2nd N
-er/r: 2nd M (or 3rd)
-any other ending: 3rd

The 5 declensions of Latin nouns

	GenS	NomS	NomP	Gender
1st	ae	a	ae	F most: fēmina, cerva, dea, filia, via, aqua, mensa M nouns referring to males: poēta, agricola, nauta
2nd	ī	us/er/r/um	ī	M most: servus, deus, equus, dominus, fīlius, puer, magister, ānus, campus, annus N -um: bellum, castellum, auxilium, theātrum
3rd	is	a/e/ī/ō/y/c/l/n/r/s/t	es/a/ēs/ia	M: consul, mōns, testis, pōns, flos, vīs, prīnceps, amor  F: legiō, arx, nox, pax, phoenīx, gēns, pars, urbis, plēbs, Venus N: animal, flūmen, onus, viscus, genus M/F: cīvis, sūs, bōs
4th	ūs	us/ū	ūs/ua	M most -us: exercitus, fluctus, portus, lacus, sexus, sinus, tribus, coitus, flatus, spiritus F a very few -us: domus, manus, idus N -ū: genū, cornū
5th	ēi	ēs	ēs	F most: rēs, effigiēs, fidēs, speciēs M a very few: diēs, meridiēs